Final answer:
Hepatitis B is the bloodborne pathogen that can live on surfaces for up to 7 days. Preventative measures include using protective equipment, disinfection, and vaccination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The bloodborne pathogen that can live on surfaces for up to 7 days is Hepatitis B (HBV). Health-care workers need to take precautions such as using gloves, face protection, and disposable syringes and needles to prevent infection. Surfaces should be disinfected with a 10% bleach solution as recommended by the CDC. Vaccination against HBV is also available and is a critical prevention strategy, particularly for health-care workers and individuals at higher risk of exposure. The hepatitis B virus can remain infective on surfaces for a considerable time, which necessitates stringent measures for disinfection.