Final answer:
Russell argues against overvaluing material and economic pursuits at the expense of considering the true ends of life, advocating for a balance that prioritizes human happiness and flourishing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Russell's critique addresses the undue emphasis on the means of life to the detriment of understanding and pursuing the ends or ultimate goals of life. He urges individuals and societies to refocus on what constitutes a good and meaningful life, rather than being preoccupied with materialism, productivity, or even the notion of conquering nature solely for human advancement. By questioning whether our current pursuits actually contribute to human happiness and flourishing, Russell echoes the philosophical tradition that encourages self-perfection and the attainment of a good life as the highest ends. He also touches upon Kant's idea that humans should be treated as ends in themselves, rather than merely as means to achieve other goals. Russell warns against a lifestyle that prioritizes economic gains over deeper values, hinting at how such a focus can lead to a loss of direction and meaninglessness in human endeavors.