Final answer:
The study in question is known as game theory, a part of microeconomics that examines strategic decision-making by firms in interactive contexts. It addresses various business decisions like pricing, production, labor, and finance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of how people, notably firms, make decisions in scenarios where achieving their goals depends on interactions with others is known as game theory, which falls under the umbrella of microeconomics. Microeconomics explores various aspects of economic behavior, including the theory of consumer behavior, the theory of the firm, labor and resource market functions, and market imperfections. The decisions in question might involve various strategic factors such as the prices a firm will charge, production methods, the number of workers to hire, financial strategies, and when to consider expanding or downsizing.