Final answer:
Subcategories of people within each protected classification are referred to as subordinate groups, which include those with less power than the dominant group in society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subcategories of people within each protected classification are referred to as subordinate groups. These subordinate groups consist of people who have less power than the dominant group and may share a specific identification that sets them apart from the society's majority. This can encompass groups based on culture, religion, language, sexual orientation, gender identity, and more. For example, within the classification of teachers, there could be subcategories such as teachers' unions, teachers who coach, or teachers involved with the PTA. Subcategories can also emerge as a result of evolving legal protections, such as the 2020 Supreme Court ruling that expanded anti-discrimination protections to include sexual orientation and gender identity.