Final answer:
Setting realistic goals is a basic principle of patient self-management; this includes setting achievable health targets and responding appropriately to symptoms. Therapeutic interventions, lifestyle adjustments, and stress management techniques are also integral to self-management.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided for the principles of patient self-management, setting realistic goals is a fundamental part. It's essential for patients to establish achievable targets for managing their health, which may include lifestyle adjustments, adherence to treatment plans, and recognizing and responding appropriately to symptoms. Ignoring symptoms, avoiding exercise, and relying solely on medication do not encourage active self-management and do not support the holistic approach necessary for effective chronic disease management.
Including techniques like sitting upright on a comfortable chair, maintaining a relaxed position, being in a quiet environment, utilizing a mantra, such as 'alert mind, calm body,' and focusing on pleasant thoughts can assist individuals in remaining calm and managing stress, which is a crucial part of self-care for overall well-being.
Patient self-management may also involve medical treatments, such as blood pressure medication, or therapeutic interventions like psychotherapy and physical therapy. Rather than eschewing these aspects of care, they should be integrated into a comprehensive self-management plan that also emphasizes the importance of self-monitoring and lifestyle factors.