Final answer:
School-age children (6-12 years old) continue to refine their reading, writing, and mathematics skills while their attention spans and cognitive abilities develop. Socially, they are forming self-concepts, navigating peer relationships, and dealing with emotional ups and downs. These developments occur alongside learning to handle more independence and responsibilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
School-age children between 6-12 years old often face challenges related to academic skills and social skills. In terms of academics, children may continue to develop their abilities in reading, writing, and mathematics. While their cognitive skills are expanding, with abilities to understand addition, subtraction, and other complex ideas, their attention spans are still developing and may not fully mature until around age 11. In reading, children advance from recognizing letters and words to understanding more complex narratives and vocabulary. Writing skills evolve from simple sentence construction to more elaborate structures. As for mathematics, they progress from basic counting to grasping more sophisticated operations like multiplication and division.
At the same time, social skills also undergo significant growth. Children at this age begin to form self-concept, compare themselves with peers, and develop a sense of industry versus inferiority. They learn to cooperate, share with others, and become increasingly aware of peer acceptance, which can greatly affect their self-esteem. Emotional resilience is still fluctuating, with occasional reverting to more immature behaviors. Throughout this period, children are also learning to balance newfound independence with growing responsibilities both at home and in school.