Question

A withdrawn client diagnosed with schizophrenia expresses little emotion and refuses to attend group therapy. What altered component of the nervous system should a nurse recognize as being responsible for this behavior?

1) Dendrites
2) Axons
3) Neurotransmitters
4) Synapses

Answer 1

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as a lack of emotion and refusal to attend group therapy, are attributed to altered synaptic functions and neurotransmitter imbalances, particularly involving dopamine and glutamate signaling pathways.

Step-by-step explanation:

Understanding Behavior in Schizophrenia

A client with schizophrenia exhibiting symptoms such as reduced emotional expression and refusal to participate in group therapy is displaying what are known as "negative symptoms" of the condition. The altered component of the nervous system responsible for such behavior is related to the synaptic function and neurotransmitter balance within the brain. Schizophrenia involves complex interactions between genetic factors and environmental stress, potentially leading to dysfunctions in dopamine and glutamate signaling pathways.

These neurotransmitter imbalances disrupt normal synaptic communication, leading to the observed symptoms. While antipsychotic medications can reduce symptoms by blocking certain neurotransmitter receptors and modulating synaptic function, they are not a cure and must typically be continued indefinitely. Treatments are often complemented with behavioral and psychological therapies.