Final answer:
The maximum weight of a small cabin bag is determined by airline regulations and is typically provided by the airline. Scientific notation, as demonstrated with the examples of the Boeing 777-200ER and the mass of a mosquito, is used to express very large or small numbers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question about the maximum weight of a small cabin bag passengers can bring onboard is related to airline regulations, not just mathematics. However, to provide an example of how weights and measures can be expressed, let's consider two different cases. The first example is the maximum takeoff weight of a Boeing 777-200ER airliner, which is 298,000 kilograms. This can be expressed in scientific notation as 2.98 × 105 kg. The second example is the mass of the average mosquito, approximately 0.0000025 kilograms, which can also be written in scientific notation as 2.5 × 10-6 kg.
Now, in the context of cabin bags, an airline may have its own specific restrictions, which are usually available on the airline's official website or provided during the booking process. As for scientific notation, it is a way to express very large or very small numbers in a more convenient form, which is especially useful in fields like engineering and physics.