Final answer:
The ability of a neuron to conduct or transfer charges through its cytoplasm is called its excitability property.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability of a neuron to conduct or transfer charges through its cytoplasm is called its excitability property. This property is based on chemical and electrical reactivity, and it allows neurons to send and receive signals. Neurons have a charged cellular membrane and can change the charge of this membrane in response to neurotransmitter molecules released from other neurons and environmental stimuli.