Final answer:
The days of the week, 'Mondays' and 'Tuesdays', should be capitalized, while 'geology lab' should not be capitalized unless it is part of a proper noun. This follows common English capitalization rules for days of the week and academic disciplines.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the sentence 'On mondays and tuesdays, our class works in the Geology lab.' the capitalization is partially correct. The days of the week, 'Mondays' and 'Tuesdays', should always be capitalized, while 'geology lab' should not be capitalized unless 'Geology Lab' is the official name of a specific lab or it is part of a proper noun. In general, the names of majors, academic disciplines, and common nouns are not capitalized unless they are the first word in a sentence.
For example, you would write 'I have a major in geology and work in a chemistry lab.' However, school subjects are sometimes capitalized when they are part of department names or course titles, such as 'I'm taking Geology 101: Introduction to Earth Sciences.' It's important to differentiate when a term is being used as a proper noun versus a common noun.
The capitalization convention mentioned in the reference is another example of context-dependent capitalization, where the word 'Earth' is capitalized when used as the proper name of the planet, as opposed to when it's referring to soil or land ('the earth'). Similar rules apply to 'Moon' and 'Sun' when they refer to the celestial bodies we know specifically, as opposed to generic moons and suns in the universe.