Final answer:
Cognitive dissonance refers to the anguish experienced when a person feels unable to act according to closely held core values.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anguish experienced when a person feels unable to act according to closely held core values is known as cognitive dissonance. It is a psychological discomfort that arises when there is a conflict between a person's behaviors, attitudes, or beliefs and their positive self-perception. This internal conflict can lead to feelings of frustration, disorientation, and a sense of moral dilemma. It can occur in various contexts such as personal relationships, cultural encounters, and even within oneself. It is a common experience when individuals encounter situations that challenge their deeply ingrained beliefs and values.