Question

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once.

Cells can be very diverse: superficially, they come in various sizes, ranging from bacterial cells such as Lactobacillus, which is a few __________________ in length, to larger cells such as a frog's egg, which has a diameter of about one __________________. Despite the diversity, cells resemble each other to an astonishing degree in their chemistry. For example, the same 20 __________________ are used to make proteins. Similarly, the genetic information of all cells is stored in their __________________. Although __________________ contain the same types of molecules as cells, their inability to reproduce themselves by their own efforts means that they are not considered living matter.

amino acids micrometer(s) viruses
DNA millimeter(s) yeast
fatty acids plants
meter plasma membranes

Answer 1

Both bacterial and eukaryotic cells (like human cells) have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes, enabling them to perform essential functions like energy production and protein synthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

A bacterial cell and one of your eukaryotic cells share common structures and functions, despite their differences in complexity. Both types of cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane, contain cytoplasm, and use DNA as their genetic material. Additionally, they both have ribosomes to synthesize proteins.

Specifically, bacterial cells are prokaryotes, which means they do not have a membrane-bound nucleus or other organelles. In contrast, your cells are eukaryotic with a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Yet even with these differences, the basic cellular functions, such as energy production and replication, are similar. For instance, both a bacterial cell and your eukaryotic cell must replicate their DNA for cell division and synthesize proteins using the same 20 amino acids.