Final answer:
A well-formed HTML document should include a doctype, head, and body. While header, nav, and footer structure content within the body, and alt text is essential for image accessibility, they are not required at the top-level of an HTML document.
Step-by-step explanation:
Every well-formed HTML document should include: A. doctype, head, body. This is essential to define the document type and version, provide metadata and title in the head section, and hold the content of the website in the body section. While elements such as header, nav, and footer are important within the body for structuring content, they are not requirements for a basic HTML document structure. Additionally, while alt text is crucial for web accessibility, providing alternative information for images, it is an attribute rather than a top-level element in an HTML document.
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) encourage creators to include informative titles and headings, meaningful hyperlink text, and ensure that texts and images maintain high contrast and provide descriptive alt text to support accessibility. Creators should also make use of headings and subheads to convey structure and meaning, facilitating navigation and comprehension. To cite sources appropriately on web pages, minimal requirements suggest embedding in-text citations with the author's last name, or an abbreviated title of the work when author information is not available, utilizing proper HTML formatting.