Final answer:
The nurse could be basing care on the theory of Leininger, which emphasizes culturally competent care.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse could be basing care on the theory of Leininger.
Madeleine Leininger developed the Theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality. This theory emphasizes the importance of providing culturally competent care to individuals from different cultural backgrounds.
By asking the parents about foods eaten when one is ill, the nurse is gathering information about the patient's cultural beliefs and practices regarding food and illness. This helps the nurse tailor the care plan to meet the patient's cultural needs and preferences.