Final answer:
The success or failure of societies in the 21st century is dependent on a multifaceted approach, including environmental sustainability driven by a cultural transformation towards a bioperspective. This transformation underpins technological advancements, economic restructuring, and the embrace of cultural diversity, which collectively contribute to societal development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses the factors that may determine the success or failure of societies in the 21st century. When exploring the possible dependence on either technological advancements, environmental sustainability, economic policies, or cultural diversity, it is evident that a multifaceted approach is necessary to address the complexity of societal development and survival. Given the challenges associated with ecological sustainability and the importance of cultural transformation towards a life-oriented worldview, as referenced in the provided information, it can be argued that the key to civilizational survival lies within a profound respect for and harmony with ecological processes, which in turn informs technological innovation, economic restructuring, and the embrace of cultural diversity as a strength.
A theorist using modernization theory might argue that societies evolve through learning cultural values that promote hard work and success, leading to technological and industrial advancements. Meanwhile, sustainable development advocates believe that economic growth can be achieved without environmental degradation, provided that there is innovation, technology development, and regulatory intervention. However, a seminal cultural transformation towards a bioperspective is necessary to guide all these changes, emphasizing the priority of ecological harmony in societal advancements.
Nonetheless, the question's phrasing could suggest that the interplay of all these factors is integral and that isolating one may not fully capture the complexity of societal development. Therefore, a comprehensive approach that includes all the mentioned factors might be the most prudent path forward for societies in the 21st century.