Final answer:
Poor perfusion can be caused by hypovolemia, atherosclerosis, and anemia, as these conditions directly affect blood volume, arterial passage, and oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conditions that cause poor perfusion include hypovolemia, which is a decrease in blood volume leading to reduced blood pressure and flow; atherosclerosis, where a buildup of plaques in the arteries can block blood flow; and anemia, a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to decreased oxygen transport. Hypertension, while a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, does not directly cause poor perfusion. Instead, it can lead to damage over time that may contribute to perfusion issues.
Conditions like hypovolemia, when the blood volume is low due to causes such as dehydration or bleeding, directly impacts the blood's ability to circulate effectively. Atherosclerosis, marked by the deposition of fatty substances in the arterial walls, can narrow the arteries, thereby reducing blood flow. Anemia, characterized by low hemoglobin or a deficiency in red blood cells, impairs the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity, which can lead to poor tissue perfusion because organs and tissues do not get enough oxygen.