Question

How does the terminal velocity of the object change when these physical properties are changed?

Option 1: Increases linearly with increased mass.
Option 2: Decreases with a larger surface area.
Option 3: Remains constant regardless of air density.
Option 4: Depends on the shape and size of the object.

Answer 1

The terminal velocity of an object falling through a fluid is affected by physical properties such as mass, surface area, shape, and size.

Step-by-step explanation:

The terminal velocity of an object falling through a fluid is affected by several physical properties:

1. Increases linearly with increased mass: When the mass of the object increases, the gravitational force pulling the object downwards also increases. As a result, the drag force opposing the motion also increases, leading to a higher terminal velocity.
2. Decreases with a larger surface area: A larger surface area means more contact with the fluid, resulting in a higher drag force. This higher drag force opposes the motion and reduces the terminal velocity.
3. Depends on the shape and size of the object: The shape and size of the object influence the drag force. Objects with shapes that allow streamline flow, such as a skydiver with outspread limbs, experience less drag and therefore have a higher terminal velocity.

Therefore, options 1, 2, and 4 are correct.