Final answer:
When a frame is sent from a PC in VLAN 10 to a PC in VLAN 30, it goes through inter-VLAN routing controlled by a router.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a frame is sent from a PC in VLAN 10 to a PC in VLAN 30, it goes through a process called inter-VLAN routing. Inter-VLAN routing allows communication between different VLANs by using a router.
First, the frame is received by the switch connected to the sending PC. The switch checks its VLAN configuration and determines that the frame belongs to VLAN 10. It then encapsulates the frame with the VLAN 10 tag and forwards it to the router.
The router receives the encapsulated frame and checks its routing table. If there is a route to the destination VLAN 30, the router removes the VLAN 10 tag and encapsulates the frame with the VLAN 30 tag. Finally, the router forwards the frame to the switch connected to the receiving PC in VLAN 30.