Final answer:
The correct translation is 'ещё одно имя для Цезаря; император'. It is derived from the Latin word 'Caesar' and in Russian history, the term 'Tsar' was used to refer to the emperor of Russia. The imperial titles of both Russia and Germany also meant 'Caesar'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct translation of the English phrase 'another name for Caesar; emperor' to Russian is a) ещё одно имя для Цезаря; император.
In Russian history, the term 'Tsar' was used to refer to the emperor of Russia, and it is derived from the Latin word 'Caesar.' The Russian Empire was established by Ivan IV, who declared himself Tsar of all the Russias, which means 'Caesar.'
The imperial titles of the rulers of both Russia and Germany, 'Tsar' and 'Kaiser,' respectively, also meant 'Caesar' and were influenced by the Roman imperial system. The English word 'emperor' derives from the Latin 'imperator,' which was adopted as another honorific by the Roman emperors.