Final answer:
A scientific hypothesis is a tentative educated guess about the relationship between variables that can be tested through predictions and experimentation. It is based on prior evidence and can be adapted or changed with new findings.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of hypothesis that makes an educated guess about the relationships among variables is called a scientific hypothesis. It not only suggests a possible explanation based on evidence but also allows for predictions to be made. When carrying out an experiment, a scientific hypothesis is formulated to explain why certain observations are made. For instance, if someone hypothesized that temperature affects solubility, they might predict "If the temperature of a solvent increases, then the solubility of a solute will increase." This prediction is testable and can be confirmed or refuted through experimentation.
A hypothesis is always tentative and subject to change based on new findings and evidence. It acts as a guide for gathering and checking information. In the context of social sciences, a hypothesis might predict how different human behaviors influence each other, which then can be tested across various groups or in different contexts. The ultimate goal of a hypothesis is to contribute to our understanding of natural or social phenomena by providing a framework for scientific inquiry.