Final answer:
Research indicates we are especially bad at multitasking when stressed, as stress can impair cognitive functions and make it difficult to focus on multiple tasks. Good study habits, managing stress, and sleep are crucial for maintaining the ability to multitask effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Dr. Stephen Chew, a psychology professor from Samford University, research indicates that we are especially bad at multitasking when we are under stress. Stress places high demands on our attention and mental resources, making it difficult to focus on multiple tasks simultaneously. Tasks that require significant attention can be stressful for the brain because they increase energy demands, requiring more glucose and oxygen for mental activities. Moreover, when one is stressed, it's more challenging to maintain a high level of performance for complex tasks as stress impairs cognitive functions and encourages rushed decisions without critical reflection.
It is also important to note that good study habits and managing stress promote metacognition, allowing one to think more clearly and thoroughly. Additionally, sleep is critical as lack of sleep or significant sleep debt reduces mental alertness and cognitive function, and it can lead to negative psychological impacts like depression-like symptoms, increased stress hormone levels, and reduced immune function. Thus, effective multitasking is not just about the ability to juggle activities but also about maintaining overall wellness and managing environmental factors that can diminish attention and cognitive capacity.