Final answer:
The definition provided refers to 'social institutions,' which encompass systems and structures that influence individual and group activities. Norms are rules that dictate acceptable behavior, and social roles involve expected behavior within particular settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the actions of the individuals' is a definition of social institutions. These are systems and structures within society that shape the activities of groups and individuals. Social institutions can include families, educational systems, religion, and economic systems, among others. Norms, on the other hand, are the visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are structured, such as what behaviors are deemed acceptable in a crowd as described by the emergent norm theory developed by sociologists Ralph Turner and Lewis Killian. These rules help to define how to behave in accordance with what a society has defined as good, right, and important.
It is also important to note that social roles, such as being a student or parent, involve a pattern of expected behavior in certain settings, guided by cultural knowledge. These roles come with their own norms and scripts that an individual must navigate, further highlighting the relationship between individual actions and the larger patterned social arrangements.