Final answer:
Paris is the city renowned for its art and culture influenced by the royal family who brought in artists to create artwork in Versailles. This renown primarily comes from the city's rich history in the art world, particularly during and after the Renaissance period with royal patronage playing a significant role. Despite Florence's significant role in the Renaissance, the specifics of Versailles are tied to Paris.
Step-by-step explanation:
The city that is renowned for its art and culture because of a family who brought artists to create artwork, thus making Versailles famous, is Paris. This was a result of the Parisian art market and the patronage by nobility and the king. The Medici family notably adorned the city of Florence with public art which also contributed to the proliferation of culture and art, however, the question specifically mentions Versailles which is associated with Paris.
Florence, though rich in its contribution to the Renaissance and art, does not fit the specifics of this question as Versailles is not located in Florence. Instead, the transformation of Paris and Versailles can be attributed to French royal patronage during the Renaissance and beyond. A city rebuilt by Baron Haussmann in the second half of the nineteenth century is also Paris, known for the overhaul of the city's architecture and urban planning.
While other cities mentioned such as Athens, Rome, and Florence have their own unique and significant art histories, the city associated most with Versailles and its art-driven transformation is decidedly Paris.