Final answer:
Euripides' Medea is renowned for its diminished role of the chorus and the presence of deus ex machina, as well as its commentary on societal norms and the humanization of classical heroes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Euripides, one of the great Athenian playwrights, incorporated unique literary techniques in his tragedy, Medea. Among these, notable are the diminishing role of the chorus and his use of deus ex machina. While the chorus traditionally guides the audience's moral compass and participates in the action, in Medea it assumes a more passive role, reflecting the shift from collective to individual focus. The deus ex machina, a plot device where a seemingly unsolvable problem is suddenly resolved by an unexpected intervention, is evident when Medea escapes in the chariot provided by the sun god. This element highlights the play's transition from human to divine intervention, underscoring the fantastical elements within a realist narrative.
Euripides challenged conventional norms by questioning the role of gods, criticizing societal laws and their effects on marginalized groups, like women and foreigners, and presenting heroes with human flaws. His work, Medea, is a domestic drama that uncovers how heroic acts from legends might be perceived if performed by ordinary people. The main character, Medea, commits a horrifying act as a result of the unjust societal conventions placed upon her, showing how adherence to such laws without question can lead to tragedy.