Final answer:
Deficiencies in vitamins B12, thiamin, niacin, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin D lead to various diseases, such as pellagra, night blindness, and rickets, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
When vitamin deficiencies occur, they can lead to various deficiency diseases. For instance, a deficiency in vitamin B12 can cause anemia and neurological problems. Thiamin, or vitamin B1, deficiency leads to beriberi, which affects the nervous system and can cause weight loss, emotional disturbances, and pain in the limbs. A niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency manifests as pellagra, characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and mental disturbances. Deficiency of vitamin E, an antioxidant, can cause nerve and muscle damage. Vitamin A deficiency results in issues such as night blindness and can affect immune health. Lastly, vitamin D deficiency is associated with rickets, a disease in children leading to bone deformities due to poor calcium absorption.
Matching the vitamins to their deficiency diseases:
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- Vitamin B12 - Not listed here
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- Thiamin - Not listed here
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- Niacin - Pellagra (b)
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- Vitamin E - Not listed here
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- Vitamin A - Night blindness (d)
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- Vitamin D - Rickets (c)