Final answer:
In social science research, theory is used either implicitly or explicitly, with soft-core theories describing and interpreting ideas rather than being governed by strict laws as in natural sciences.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of an English 812 course focused on rhetorical analysis, particularly within the scope of social science research, it is true that theory is used either implicitly or explicitly. This is contrary to the notion that theory is never used in social science research or that it is only used explicitly. Unlike the hard-core theories of the natural sciences, which predict and rely on objective facts, literary scholars use soft-core theories, which are more descriptive and interpretive, often built on metaphors and images, to map out ideas. This approach is essential in the humanities where interpretations and meanings are as significant as empirical data.
Theories in the social sciences serve as frameworks that guide research and help explain a variety of phenomena. These could range from broad perspectives like structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism in sociology to specific models that assist in the interpretation of literary texts. The use of theories, whether hard-core or soft-core, reflects the diverse methodologies that span across social sciences, natural sciences, and humanities, all contributing to a holistic understanding of human knowledge.