Final answer:
Aspasia advocated for increased female participation in government in Ancient Greece during the Classical period.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ancient civilization in which Aspasia, a popular and well-educated woman, advocated for increased female participation in government was Ancient Greece.
In Ancient Greece, women were generally excluded from political participation, but there were exceptions like Aspasia who gained political and philosophical influence as Pericles' romantic partner. She is said to have debated with prominent writers and thinkers, including Socrates.
This period in Ancient Greece marked by political experimentation, cultural achievements, and philosophical developments is known as Classical Greece.