Final answer:
Structuralist theories include Functionalism, which focuses on the relationship of societal elements to the larger structural system. This differs from Behaviorism, which examines observable behaviors rather than mental processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, structuralist theories include Functionalism as opposed to Behaviorism, Humanism, or Cognitivism. Structuralism is a theoretical paradigm that posits that elements of human culture must be understood in terms of their relationship to a broader, overarching system or structure. It works to uncover the structures that underlie all the things that humans do, think, perceive, and feel. Alternatively, Functionalism, often associated with structural functionalism in sociology, examines social institutions and their role in the maintenance of social order and stability. Behaviorism, on the other hand, is a perspective that focuses on observable behaviors rather than on internal mental processes. Therefore, of the options given, Functionalism is most related to structuralist theories.