Final answer:
René's belief that the mind is separate from the body reflects Dualism, a philosophical position which holds that both physical and non-physical realities exist distinctly, as advocated by René Descartes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The philosophical approach that aligns with René's viewpoint that the mind is fundamentally separate from the body is Dualism. Dualism posits that the real substances that make up existence are both physical and non-physical; it maintains that the mind (non-physical) and the body (physical) are distinct entities. René Descartes, one of the most influential proponents of dualism, articulated this perspective, suggesting that the ability to think (cogito) was evidence of the existence of the mind separate from the material body.