Final answer:
The statement about fluid energy is true; fluids in motion have extra kinetic energy, altering total energy. Bernoulli's equation dictates that an increase in kinetic energy in a fluid with constant pressure leads to decreased potential energy. Conversely, a rock's potential and kinetic energy interchange as it moves upward and falls back down, due to energy conservation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assertion that the total energy for a flowing fluid consists of an additional term compared with that of a non-flowing fluid is true. Fluid dynamics and Bernoulli's equation are essential in understanding this concept in physics. When a fluid flows, it possesses kinetic energy due to its motion, which must be accounted for along with its potential energy and internal energy.
Referring to Bernoulli's equation, if the pressure within a fluid is constant and the kinetic energy per unit volume increases, then the potential energy per unit volume of the fluid must decrease according to the principle of conservation of energy. This relationship showcases how pressure, kinetic energy, and potential energy are interconnected in fluid flow scenarios.
Similarly, if a rock is thrown into the air, the increase in height translates to an increase in potential energy, not kinetic energy. Conversely, as the rock falls, its potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy increases, adhering to the conservation of energy principle.