Final answer:
Seasonal and discouraged workers are not counted as unemployed, but full-time students are not included in these groups unless they are discouraged workers. The correct answer is d. Both a and b.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering who is counted as unemployed, certain groups do not fall under this category. Specifically, discouraged workers, who have given up looking for work, and full-time students, who may not be working or only working part-time, are not counted as unemployed. Seasonal workers, typically employed for only part of the year, are also not included in the unemployment figures when they are out of work.
Discouraged workers are a part of what is known as hidden unemployment, where individuals may be underemployed or seeking more stable, full-time employment, but are still considered employed in the official statistics. This also includes individuals working in jobs that do not fully utilize their skills or qualifications. Therefore, the correct answer to which groups are not counted as unemployed is d. Both a and b, which includes seasonal and discouraged workers, but not full-time students unless they fall into the discouraged worker category.