Final answer:
The burning of coal produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which contribute to air pollution such as smog and acid rain and have adverse health effects on humans. NOx is a primary pollutant formed at high temperatures during coal combustion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The burning of coal introduces various types of air pollution into the atmosphere. One significant pollutant resulting from coal combustion is nitrogen oxides (NOx), which include nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). NOx is a primary pollutant, directly emitted from the source, and it's a major component of outdoor air pollution. Its high-temperature formation occurs when nitrogen in the air reacts with oxygen during the combustion process.
The presence of NOx in the atmosphere contributes to smog and acid rain, and it can have serious adverse effects on human health, particularly the respiratory system. In the context of coal burning, electricity generation plants and industrial facilities are among the chief sources of NOx emissions. Understanding the impact of NOx is crucial for implementing policies and technologies that aim to reduce air pollution levels and protect public health and the environment.