Final answer:
The statement about visible light being the only radiation capable of causing the photoelectric effect is b) false; various types of electromagnetic radiation can do so. In semiconductors like p-type silicon, illumination generates carrier pairs, and when p- and n-type materials are joined, a uniform electric field is produced at the junction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that 'visible light is the only type of electromagnetic radiation that can cause the photoelectric effect' is false. The photoelectric effect can be caused by various types of electromagnetic radiation, not just visible light, but also ultraviolet light and other frequencies that have enough energy to expel electrons from a material. Regarding the generation of carriers in a p-type semiconductor upon illumination, this refers to the creation of electron-hole pairs when photons from the light source strike the semiconductor material. Also, when p- and n-type materials are joined, a uniform electric field is generated near the junction because the free electrons from the n-type region and the holes from the p-type region diffuse across the junction, creating a potential barrier that results in this electric field.