Final answer:
The age of production is associated with phonology, the study of sound systems in languages, and represents when children can typically produce phonemes accurately. It relates to how children initially discriminate between sounds and gradually learn to form morphemes, contributing to language development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The age of production refers to the developmental stage at which 50% of children are able to produce a certain phoneme accurately in various positions within words, similar to an adult. This concept is deeply rooted in the study of phonology, which is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages. Children undergo a series of stages in language development, with initial abilities to discriminate between all phonemes of human languages, which narrows down to those relevant within their environment as they approach the age of 1. Over time, they learn to combine these phonemes into morphemes, which are the smallest meaningful units in language, and later develop semantics and syntax to construct fully-fledged speech.