Final answer:
A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that transmits electrical signals. It has three main parts: dendrites, cell body, and axon. Neurons communicate with each other through synapses, and the nervous system is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that transmits electrical signals. It has three main parts: dendrites, cell body, and axon. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, the cell body integrates these signals, and the axon transmits signals to other neurons. Neurons communicate with each other through the release of neurotransmitter molecules at synapses, which are the junctions between neurons.
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS consists of nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. The brain has different regions that control various functions, and the spinal cord transmits sensory and motor information between the brain and the rest of the body.
Overall, neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system and are essential for communication and coordination of all functions in the body.