Final answer:
The practice described is known as countertrade, where a company agrees to accept a percentage of the output as partial payment for providing technology and services. This is different from unilateral transfers, which are one-way payments without goods or services in return.
Step-by-step explanation:
The situation described in the student's question refers to a business and trade practice known as countertrade. This typically occurs when a company supplies technology, equipment, training, or other services to a country and agrees to accept a percentage of the output produced by that investment as partial payment. Rather than a simple exchange of goods for currency, this type of trade involves a form of barter, where goods or services are exchanged for other goods or services, without the use of money as a medium.
Unilateral transfers, on the other hand, are not related to this concept. They are one-way payments from governments, private entities, or individuals that are sent abroad without any goods or services received in return. In contrast, countertrade arrangements are reciprocal and aim to facilitate trade and investment when conventional means of payment are difficult.