Final answer:
The spread of Islam into North Africa resulted in the enhanced centralization of power, the creation of cohesive social structures, and fostered a shared Islamic identity despite the region's diversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political impact of the spread of Islam into North Africa can be summarized as an enhanced centralization of power. This process was characterized by the diffusion of Islamic practices and institutions that brought unity and coherence to the region. As Islam spread through trade routes into sub-Saharan Africa, it facilitated the creation of reformist Islamic kingdoms, which, along with political and military conquests, led to a more thorough Islamization of the region's people. Additionally, Islam's cohesive social networks, schools, and mosques fostered a sense of common identity despite linguistic and cultural diversity. Furthermore, the political devolution that followed the weakening of Abbasid control allowed local dynasties to assume power while maintaining the broader unity of the Islamic world.