Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is b) Decomposition reaction, which is a type of chemical reaction where a single compound is broken down into simpler substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
Decomposition reactions are a type of chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. The substance that undergoes decomposition could be a complex compound like a carbonate turning into an oxide and carbon dioxide, or it may be a simple binary compound decomposing into its individual elements. The general formula for a decomposition reaction is AB → A + B, where AB is the complex compound and A and B are the simpler substances formed.
Given the choices provided in the question: a) Synthesis reaction, b) Decomposition reaction, c) Combustion reaction, and d) Redox reaction, the correct term for a reaction where a substance breaks down into two or more simple substances is b) Decomposition reaction.