Final answer:
Henry's scenario is an example of operant conditioning, where his behavior of throwing a tantrum is influenced by the consequences he experiences: a reward from his father and no reward from his mother.
Step-by-step explanation:
Henry's learning in this scenario exemplifies operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a form of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences. In Henry's case, when he goes out with his mother and throws a tantrum, he doesn't receive a treat, which is a type of punishment that decreases the likelihood of him repeating the behavior. Conversely, the reward (getting a treat) from his father when he throws a tantrum reinforces the behavior, making it more likely Henry will throw tantrums in the future with his father to receive that treat.
Humans learn behaviors through operant conditioning. Behaviors followed by reinforcements (like Henry getting a treat) are more likely to be repeated, while those that are followed by punishment (such as not getting a treat from his mother) become less frequent. The law of effect, a principle developed by Edward Thorndike and expanded upon by B.F. Skinner, suggests that satisfying consequences encourage repetition of the behavior and vice versa.