Final answer:
The question entails calculating a regression line and understanding the relationship between city distance from the equator and average annual temperature, using a scatter plot, the least-squares regression line, and correlation coefficient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking for the calculation of a regression line based on the relationship between the distance of cities from the equator and their average annual temperature. This involves statistical methods such as determining independent and dependent variables, plotting data on a scatter plot, and finding the least-squares regression line equation in the form ý = a + bx. Additionally, it involves calculating the correlation coefficient to assess the strength and significance of the relationship between the variables.
For parts a and b, the independent variable would typically be the distance from the equator (latitude), while the dependent variable would be the average annual temperature. A scatter plot would be created with latitude on the x-axis and temperature on the y-axis to visually assess the relationship. C and d request the calculation of the least-squares regression line and the correlation coefficient, which are essential statistical tools for analyzing the relationship between two quantitative variables.
For the purposes of SEO, three key terms that have been emphasized are scatter plot, least-squares regression line, and correlation coefficient. These terms are crucial to understanding the concepts used in the calculations requested by the question.