Final answer:
Creating space in a landscape painting adds depth and realism, drawing viewers into the scene. Matisse's 'The Joy of Life' features shifting perspectives, while Lorenzetti's 'Allegory of Good Government in the City' utilizes a flatter pictorial space.
Step-by-step explanation:
The value or importance of creating space in a landscape painting lies in the artist's ability to convey depth, a three-dimensional feeling, and a sense of reality on a two-dimensional panel, effectively drawing the viewer into the scene. The use of perspective systems like linear and atmospheric perspective adds to this illusion. Linear perspective utilizes a horizon line and vanishing points to create the illusion of depth, whereas atmospheric perspective relies on visual cues like size reduction, fading colors, and reduced detail to portray distance, as seen in Albert Bierstadt's painting of The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak.
Comparing Matisse's 'The Joy of Life' with Ambrogio Lorenzetti's 'Allegory of Good Government in the City,' different perspective systems are evident. Matisse's work incorporates shifting perspectives, using changes in scale to reflect our relation to the figures within the painting, a technique derived from artists like Cézanne who explored vision through time and space. In contrast, Lorenzetti's medieval painting employs a flatter pictorial space, using overlapping shapes and size differences instead of a geometric linear perspective, characteristic of many non-Western art traditions.