Final answer:
The Karl Fischer method is a titration process that measures the moisture content of a sample by reacting water with an iodine reagent and detecting the endpoint either visually or electrochemically.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principle of the Karl Fischer method for determining moisture content is based on a titration process that quantifies the precise amount of water in a sample. During the titration, an iodine reagent is used, which reacts with water to form hydrated iodine, which can be measured stoichiometrically. The endpoint of the titration, indicating complete reaction of water, is detected either visually or electrochemically. The amount of iodine consumed in the reaction is directly proportional to the amount of water in the sample, which allows for accurate determination of moisture content.