Final answer:
Standard firefighting turnouts can provide some protection against alpha and beta radiation due to their inability to penetrate deeply, unlike gamma rays which require more dense materials for shielding.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about the types of radiation that standard firefighting turnouts can protect against. Gamma rays are able to penetrate deeply into most materials, whereas alpha particles can be stopped by very thin barriers such as paper or the top layer of skin cells. Beta particles can pass through a hand or thin materials like paper or wood but are stopped by a thin layer of metal.
Since standard firefighting turnouts are made of multiple layers of advanced materials, they are designed to provide a level of protection against certain environmental hazards. They can protect against alpha and beta particles to some extent as these particles do not penetrate as deeply as gamma rays. Therefore, Alpha and Beta radiation can be stopped by such turnouts, making option B (Alpha and beta) the correct answer. Gamma rays, on the other hand, are much more penetrating and require dense materials, such as lead, for effective shielding.