Final answer:
The most relevant context for Napoleon's decision to sell the Louisiana territory is the Haitian Revolution and the costs of French wars in Europe, which compelled him to sell to the U.S. to fund his military campaigns. Jefferson's desire to expand U.S. territory and control over New Orleans for trade was the driving force behind the American interest in the purchase.
Step-by-step explanation:
The context for Napoleon's decision to sell Louisiana is best given by b) The Haitian Revolution and the expense of French wars in Europe. Napoleon Bonaparte faced formidable challenges including the successful slave rebellion in Haiti and extensive warfare costs, which altered his colonial ambitions. Consequently, he was willing to sell the vast Louisiana territory, which was crucial for feeding Haiti's plantations. The sale would also provide much-needed funds to continue his European campaigns.
Furthermore, President Thomas Jefferson was eager to secure New Orleans for trade purposes and to ensure control over the Mississippi River. He originally aimed to purchase only New Orleans but was presented with the opportunity to buy the entire Louisiana Territory. Jefferson valued land and understood that acquiring this territory would double the size of the United States and support his agrarian vision. Although there were constitutional concerns regarding the purchase, the success of the Louisiana Purchase was paramount for the U.S. expansion and for Jefferson's 'empire of liberty'.