Final answer:
The discounts on inventory for an end-of-season sale represent a tactical decision focused on short-term goals. Analytical intelligence is used when examining data for trends to inform such decisions. A command-and-control environmental policy involves mandatory regulations, while a market-oriented policy uses economic incentives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The decision on the discounts to offer on inventory available for an end-of-season sale would be characterized as a tactical decision. Tactical decisions are those that focus on the day-to-day operations of a business and are concerned with the short-term implementation of strategies. They typically involve responses to current conditions and how resources such as inventory can be best utilized to achieve immediate goals, such as maximizing sales and reducing surplus stock at the end of a season.
Regarding the type of intelligence used when examining data to look for trends, the most applicable would be analytical intelligence. Analytical intelligence refers to the ability to analyze, evaluate, explain, and solve problems. In this context, it enables one to identify patterns and draw conclusions from data, which is essential in making informed business decisions.
When comparing command-and-control and market-oriented environmental policies, a command-and-control policy is one that involves specific regulations that businesses must follow, such as a requirement that applies to all producers. In contrast, a market-oriented policy would rely more on economic incentives and market signals to influence environmentally favorable behavior, such as implementing a carbon tax or offering tradable pollution permits. Therefore, a behavior that is mandatory for compliance would represent a command-and-control policy, while a behavior that is incentivized by market conditions would represent a market-oriented policy.