Final answer:
The immigrant that enters host countries via guest worker programs is referred to as a Guest Worker. These individuals have temporary work rights in the host country and are not meant for long-term residency. The presence of guest workers affects the labor market dynamics and wages.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of immigrant that enters host countries via guest worker programs is b. Guest Worker. These individuals are typically given temporary work privileges and are not intended to settle long-term in the country they are working in. Companies hiring guest workers must often show that domestic labor is insufficient and that the employment of guest workers will not negatively affect local wages.
Guest workers can be either low-skilled or highly skilled, with some being sponsored by employers due to their specialized talents and abilities. Nevertheless, the presence of guest workers and other immigrants in the labor force can influence the dynamics of the job market, affecting both wages and employment opportunities for native-born workers.
Immigration, through programs such as guest worker initiatives, contributes to economic growth but also raises concerns about the impact on low-skilled labor markets and wage levels in host countries. The debate over immigration policies continues to evolve as countries balance economic needs with the social implications of a transient workforce.