Final answer:
When a rifle is fired, the bullet is propelled forward and the rifle experiences a recoil due to the conservation of momentum. It is generally not safe to stand close behind a recoilless rifle.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a rifle is fired, the bullet is propelled forward with a certain amount of force. According to Newton's third law of motion, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the rifle experiences a recoil, or a backward kick, as a result of the bullet being propelled forward. This recoil is due to the conservation of momentum in the system.
As for standing close behind a recoilless rifle, it is generally not safe to do so. While the barrel of a recoilless rifle is open at both ends, the force exerted by the escaping gases still creates a significant backward force, which could cause injury or damage if standing directly behind the rifle.