Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question is Marxism, which is a theory that asserts that historical progression is driven by class struggle and economic factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ideology being discussed in the question is Marxism. Historical Materialism is a theory originally proposed by Karl Marx, suggesting that economic factors determine the structure of society. Marxism posits that a class struggle, specifically the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, is the main driver of historical change. This struggle leads to revolutionary changes where one economic system is replaced by another, and ultimately, Marx envisioned this process culminating in the creation of a socialist state.
According to the dialectical materialist view, the recognition and analysis of opposing forces (thesis and antithesis) within history result in the synthesis of new ideas or social orders, continually propelling society forward. Historical Materialism sees history as a progression from one system to another and promotes the concept that a class struggle is central to this historical progression.