Final answer:
Logistic Regression (c) is the method that has the mentioned advantages and disadvantages.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct method with the mentioned advantages and disadvantages is Logistic Regression (c).
Logistic Regression is computationally efficient, provides predictor importance information, and has a probabilistic interpretation. However, it can be affected by collinearity between predictor variables, which means that if two or more predictor variables are highly correlated, it can lead to misleading or unstable results.
In contrast, Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Random Forests, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) do not have all the mentioned advantages and disadvantages.