Final Answer:
The criteria for deciding whether a particular recombinant protein should be produced in yeast, insects, or a mammalian cell system depend on factors such as protein structure, post-translational modifications, and intended use.
Step-by-step explanation:
Protein Structure: The structure of the recombinant protein plays a crucial role. Yeast, insects, and mammalian cells differ in their ability to fold and modify proteins. If the protein requires complex folding or specific structural features, a mammalian cell system might be preferred.
Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs): The type of PTMs needed for the functional activity of the protein is a key consideration. Mammalian cells excel in mimicking human-like PTMs, making them suitable for proteins that require authentic modifications.
Intended Use: The purpose of producing the protein influences the choice of expression system. If the protein is intended for therapeutic use in humans, mammalian cells are often chosen to ensure compatibility.
Cost and Scalability: Yeast and insect cell systems are generally more cost-effective and scalable than mammalian cell systems. If large-scale production is required for industrial purposes, yeast or insect cells may be more practical.
Regulatory Requirements: Depending on the intended application, regulatory requirements may dictate the choice of expression system. Mammalian cell systems are often preferred for pharmaceuticals due to regulatory considerations.